Horizontal Inequalities:
نویسنده
چکیده
Horizontal Inequality (HI) is defined as inequality among culturally defined (or constructed) groups, in contrast to Vertical Inequality (VI) which is inequality among households or individuals. HIs are multidimensional, including a political and social dimension, as well as economic, and a range of elements in each of these dimensions. There is evidence that in many, but not all, cases HIs persist over long periods. For example, black/white differentials in the US, or indigenous/Ladino differentials in Latin America have been in existence for centuries. In contrast, some immigrant groups were poor relative to the national average, initially, but soon climbed to above the national average.
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